Smallholder farmers in a particular area or community come together voluntarily to form an FPO. They elect leaders and establish governance.

FPOs facilitate access to agricultural inputs such as seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, machinery, and extension services.

FPOs help farmers access markets by establishing direct links with buyers, processors, retailers, exporters, and other stakeholders.

FPOs represent the collective interests of their members and advocate for policies and programs that support smallholder farmers.